Beating Broke

Personal Finance from the Broke Perspective

How to Build Your Financial Foundation

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“Can I afford that?” 

If you’ve ever asked yourself this question and not been sure of the answer, it’s time to establish your financial foundation.

Think of a gleaming, towering skyscraper.  It didn’t appear out of thin air.  It took months of preparation and carefully designed installation.  Most importantly, that skyscraper’s construction started with its foundation.  Then, floor-by-floor, it was eventually completed.

The key point here is that the foundation came first.  It’s an absolute necessity to the stability and longevity of the building.  Without it, the tower would crumble.

Your financial foundation works the exact same way.

Without a proper financial foundation, your finances will never be in perfect harmony and you will never be financially stable.  Moreover, you’ll never relieve yourself of financial stress, which is a heavy burden too many people bear.

Financial foundations are an easy concept, but they take a mindful, dedicated approach to put together.

Sticking with the building theme, your foundation will consist of three “pillars”:

  1. Short-term money
  2. Emergency money
  3. Long-term money

Pillar #1: Short-term money “STM”

Your STM reserve will be used to cover your active, day-to-day expenses.  Think groceries, rent, utilities, etc.  Although there isn’t a universal dollar amount, there is a guideline you should follow to determine how large your STM reserve should be.

Follow the below steps to determine your STM reserve:

  1. Calculate the amount of money you usually spend in a month. If you use a debit or credit card, you can use your monthly account statements as estimates.
  2. Take this dollar amount and multiply it be three.

That’s it!  That number is the amount of money you should have set aside for your short-term expenses at any given time.  For example, if your monthly expenses are $1,000, you should have $3,000 in your STM reserve.  This covers the volatility and variance of your expenses.

Let’s face it, we’re all human.  Some months you’re going to spend a little more than others, some months you’ll spend a little less.  But with a STM reserve, you’re covered.

This will ease your day-to-day financial stress.

Pillar #2: Emergency money “EM”

Think of your EM reserve as a rainy-day fund.  You can’t predict your next fender-bender or doctor’s visit.  So, you need to have EM at the ready for such an occasion.

Again, there isn’t a universal dollar amount, but the calculation is easy: take that same monthly expenditure amount and multiply by six.  Using our example from earlier, $1,000 multiplied by six would give us a $6,000 rainy-day fund.

See how easy this is?  This number provides you six months of leeway if you were to ever lose your main source of income (i.e. your job).  This gives you plenty of time to reestablish that income stream or find a new job.

Pillar #3: Long-term money “LTM”

We’ve accounted for your active expenses and potential, unexpected expenses.  Now, it’s time to turn our attention to the future.

Your LTM is for your future goals, such as a house, graduate school, kids, etc.  The sooner you prepare for those occurrences, the sooner you can take advantage of compound interest.

After satisfying your STM and EM reserves, you should contribute at least 20% of your monthly income to your LTM goals.  If you’re making $3,000 a month, net of taxes, you’ll set aside $600.  Want to reach your goals faster?  Up that percentage.

And there’s your financial foundation blueprint!

Tie it all together

Construct these pillars by filling your reserves one-by-one, in the order listed.  In other words, start off by focusing on your STM reserve.  Once you’ve hit a comfortable point (i.e. about three months of expenses), move on to your EM.  Lastly, after you’ve covered your short-term expenses and potential, spontaneous expenditures, you’ll start investing in your future.

A solid, formidable financial foundation is integral to financial success.  These three pillars will provide clarity to your financial horizon and ease your financial stress.  I know it’s easier said than done, especially if you’re living paycheck-to-paycheck.  If that’s the case and you’re barely breaking even, create a budget and cut back on discretionary, non-essential expenses.  Or, commit some of your free-time to building a secondary source of income.  That way you’ll be on your way to sitting pretty at the top of your skyscraper!

Poor Credit Score: How are you Really Affected?

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This post in Collaboration with Debbie Fletcher

‘I’m not a number, I’m a free man’ so goes the classic line of the iconic 1960s BBC television series The Prisoner. Yet, in many respects that’s not true. These days you are defined – at least financially – by a number and it’s your credit score (especially if it’s a poor credit score).

This figure – barely understood by most people outside of the world of finance – can have a massive impact on your life, maybe even without you knowing what it is.

It’s important not to dismiss this as just another bit of jargon (there’s plenty of it in the world of finance after all). If you need convincing, they why not consider the issues that you might face as a result of a poor credit score?

Access to money

The most obvious issue facing you if you have a poor credit score comes with your ability to be able to afford big ticket purchases. Whether it’s a house, a car, a holiday or an emergency repair – life has a bit of throwing up key purchases that cannot be paid for upfront.

We are now a nation of borrowers as a result – but our ability to borrow can be severely hampered by a bad credit score.

The ‘score’ itself refers to a calculation given by a credit scoring agency (there are three in the UK and three in the US). It’s effectively a measure of your borrowing ability and you’ll be marked down for missed payments or debts that you have been unable to pay off.

The number will determine whether a lender will give you money in the first place. They want assurance that you are likely to pay them back and this is the way in which they’ll get their assurance. It might also dictate how much you can borrow and the interest rate you will be charged.

So, put simply, a bad credit rating will mean that you can get less money, will be charged more for the privilege of borrowing that money or even that you are just turned down in the first place. That means that house, car, holiday or home repair could be an awful lot more of a problem for you.

Jobs

It isn’t all about the money that you borrow, however. Your score could also impact upon your ability to earn too. Employers are able to run a credit check on the people who apply to them for a job. This check is about ensuring the candidate has a sound record and can be trusted – but you could feel like this is a crude way to do this, as you might not have chance to offer any explanation by way of context.

Does one missed loan payment five years ago or a dispute with an old mobile phone contract deserve to define you in the eyes of employers? Whether you think this is fair or not, it might well be the case.

Emotional

Then, of course, there’s the emotional aspect to all of this. A bad credit score might hang over you. There are steps you can take to improve your credit rating, but this might well take time and mean that big life choices have to be put on hold for a while. Do you really want to be forced to delay moving into your first home with a partner for a few years while you sort out your credit rating?

During those years you might feel under a great deal of stress and strain and some people might well feel embarrassed about what they consider to be a ‘black mark’ against them. We might be a nation of borrowers, but we’re not a nation that is terribly good at talking about borrowing and money. Indeed, our personal finances are still seen as something of a taboo by many people and that can cause people to bottle up their concerns or bury their head in the sand when they encounter trouble.

A poor credit score can, therefore, stop you buying the things you need, harm your chances of getting a good job and impact upon your mental health. When you put it like that, the importance of a good credit score becomes pretty clear.

2 Best Places to Start Fixing Your Finances

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When I first started trying to get my finances under control, I had no idea where to start. I tried to follow a patchwork of ideas like pay yourself first and only spend X percent of your income on rent, but at the end of the month there would always be more month than money. I couldn’t figure out what I was doing wrong until someone asked where my money was going every month. Aside from food, rent, cell phone and credit card payments, I had absolutely no idea. It was such a simple question and the answer ended up keying my turn-around financially but it took me a while to realize that mattered.

So if you’re trying to turn your finances around and save a bit of money every month instead of wondering where it all went, here are the 2 best places to start fixing your finances.

Fixing your financesTrack What You Spend

As I found out, the most important thing is tracking your finances. When I started turning my ship around, there wasnt a lot of good financial tracking software like their is now. I started with a blank sheet of paper and a stack of bills, working those and my online logins to figure out how much I was spending every month. It’s much easier now, with the online trackers for your finances such as mint and apps that are more investment focused, like personal capital. Once you start tracking your income and expenses, you’ll know where you need to cut and how much you can use to save or pay off debt each month.

Cut the Excessive Expenses

Once you get your expenses written down, I’ve found it’s most valuable to lower your structural expenses as much as possible at first. This includes things like rent, car payments, car insurance, electricity, water, cell phones and cable tv. I’ve found that many people way overpay for cable TV (Calling up and getting a discount usually works wonders) and if they switch to an MNVO like ting or republic wireless they can usually lower their phone bill by 66% or more per month. For a family of 2 if they switched phones and totally ditched cable, that’s an immediate savings of 200+ per month. Once that’s done, add all that money to your savings or debt repayment. Then it’s time to move on to your car expenses. Consider selling your car and trading in for a cheaper one that you own outright, and can carry less insurance on. This will get rid of your car payment completely and hopefully lower your insurance by a significant amount as well. Better yet, try getting a bike and getting rid of your car completely.

In my opinion, those are the low hanging fruit – things you can easily change and your day to day existence wont be changed much one way or the other. The best part about this is you can spend a day or 2 over the course of a week and you should be able to easily pocket 500+ per month in savings – that’s 6,000 per year! Like you, I could use the extra 6k per year.

Once you get your structural issues fixed in your finances, it’s time to move on to your habitual purchases. Is there anything that you spend too much money on and dont get a lot of value from? Do you spend too much on fast food, or alcohol? Or maybe you buy too many books you’ll never be able to read, or too many movies on blue-ray you cant watch?

Now is the time to deal with those, and the easiest way that i’ve found is to get a budget set up and spend that in cash every month. Say you want to limit your blu-ray purchases to 25 bucks per month – get that amount in cash at the beginning of the month, then when the cash is no, no more blu-ray until your cash re-ups at the beginning of the month.