Beating Broke

Personal Finance from the Broke Perspective

How to Use Retroactive COBRA Insurance

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Retroactive Cobra Insurance

When my husband quit his job in Illinois to pursue a new job in Arizona, we were shocked that our coverage in Arizona wouldn’t start until a month after his official start date.  Since we moved to Arizona a month before his job started, we were without employer-sponsored health insurance for two months.  What I wish I would have known then is that you can apply for COBRA insurance retroactively.

What is COBRA Insurance

When you leave a job or lose a job or lose insurance because of a reduction in hours, you can apply for COBRA insurance.  If you were enrolled in employer-sponsored insurance and your employer has 20 or more employees, you’re eligible for COBRA insurance.  COBRA will give you the exact same insurance coverage you had with your employer.  The difference is that you must pay the entire premium yourself.

When you get employer-sponsored insurance, you typically pay only 20 to 30 percent of the total cost of the premium.  Your employer pays the rest.  With COBRA, you assume the entire amount, which isn’t cheap.  We did opt for COBRA insurance when my husband left his job, so we paid $1,200 a month for coverage for our family of five.  What I didn’t know then is that I could have utilized retroactive COBRA insurance.

What Is Retroactive COBRA Insurance?

You can choose not to buy COBRA insurance.  In our case, we had COBRA insurance for the two months we were between employer-sponsored insurance, but we never used it.  We paid $2,400 total over the two months for insurance we didn’t even need.

Retroactive Cobra Insurance
Photo by Olga Guryanova on Unsplash

Another option is to forego COBRA and go without insurance during this time.  If you end up having a medical need, you can still sign up for COBRA because COBRA is retroactive from the time you left your job or lost your insurance.  For instance, one woman and her husband opted not to get COBRA when they lost insurance benefits.  Within a month, her husband had to have an emergency appendectomy.  They were facing tens of thousands of dollars in medical bills.  The couple completed the forms for COBRA, and the insurance paid the bills for the appendectomy.  They ended up paying just $42 out of pocket for the surgery (plus the cost of COBRA).

An Important Caveat

You only have 60 days to decide whether to enroll in COBRA or not.  If you opt out of COBRA coverage and need surgery on day 65, you won’t be covered if you try to retroactively apply.

Also, when you retroactively apply, the insurance benefits begin the day after you lose your benefits with your employer, but you also have to pay from that time, too.  So, if you sign up for COBRA on day 58, you also have to retroactively pay for days one through 58 of coverage.

Final Thoughts

COBRA coverage can be an important insurance bridge when you’re between jobs.  If you want to initially forego COBRA insurance, you can.  If a medical need comes up, you can always apply retroactively.  But remember, this only applies for the first 60 days you’re without insurance.

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Are Insurance Companies Just Big Ponzi Schemes?

When Do You Need Umbrella Insurance?

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Are Insurance Companies Just Big Ponzi Schemes?

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It struck me the other night, as I was reading a book and came upon a section on Ponzi schemes, that insurance companies are borderline Ponzi’s themselves.

Ponzi Schemes

What Is a Ponzi Scheme?

The definition of a Ponzi scheme is when the broker/banker/agent takes money and promises an unusually high return and then pays said return from the incoming money from other investors.  Eventually, when the incoming investors dry up, the agent can no longer pay the returns and the scheme comes crashing down.

Ponzi schemes are named after Charles Ponzi, an Italian immigrant who was the original Ponzi schemer.  In recent years, the most famous (and longest lasting) Ponzi scheme is attributed to Bernie Madoff.  Madoff’s Ponzi scheme is thought to have begun in the late 1980s or early 1990s and didn’t end until 2008 when he was arrested.  This Ponzi scheme cheated nearly 5,000 customers out of $60+ billion dollars.

Insurance Companies Are Set Up Like Ponzi Schemes

Now, let’s look at insurance companies.  We, as the insured, pay the insurance company our premiums in return for insurance against some sort of event.

With health insurance it’s against some sort of health event.  With car insurance, it’s against some sort of accident.

In any case, it’s a payment.  Or a return on the premium.  Very seldom will you actually come out with your entire investment.  And, unfortunately, you often have to fight for the payment.  Health care coverage may be denied if the health insurance company doesn’t find the treatment worthy of the expense or if they deem it experimental.  Likewise, if you file a home insurance claim too many times, the insurance company can choose to drop you as a customer.

Ponzi schemes
Photo by Daniel Tausis on Unsplash

For the most part, insurance companies are in charge and decide when to cut customers.  But what would happen if the premium payers dried up?  It would certainly get more difficult for the insurance companies to pay any claims.

How Insurance Companies Are Different from Ponzi Schemes

Where the key difference lies is that if you stop paying your premiums, the insurance company stops paying any claims for you.  Also, as a premium payer, you never really expect your money back unless you have a claim.  You’re paying for the “in case”–if it were to happen.

In a Ponzi, you’re investing your money specifically for the return.  You’re not going to stop investing as long as the returns are stable.  And a Ponzi only really dies when the new investors stop coming.  If new insured stopped coming to the insurance company, they would still have their current insured to collect premiums from.  However, as the years go on with no new insured clients and the current clients age, the insurance company could have difficulty paying claims.

Final Thoughts

Even though insurance companies seem to fit many of the criteria for a Ponzi scheme, no.  insurance companies are not Ponzi Schemes.  But, it sure feels that way sometimes.

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When Do You Need Umbrella Insurance?

When Do You Need Umbrella Insurance?

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You likely have the insurance you’re required to get, such as auto and home insurance, and you probably have health insurance, and hopefully life insurance.  For many, that’s enough insurance to adequately protect you and your assets.  However, in some cases, you may also want to consider more coverage.  If you’re wondering when do you need umbrella insurance, there are several situation when buying it may be wise.

When Do You Need Umbrella Insurance?

What Is Umbrella Insurance?

Think of umbrella insurance as an extension of the auto and home insurance you already have in place.  If you have an auto policy with a $500,000 cap for injuries sustained, and you have an accident in which several people are severely injured, that $500K may be used in very little time.  When that amount is exhausted, umbrella insurance steps in and covers the rest of the costs, up to the limit of the policy.

When Do You Need Umbrella Insurance?

Likely, most people living low risk lives do not need umbrella insurance.  The basic insurance they have in place will cover them.  However, there are some times when you’d benefit from umbrella insurance.

You Have Significant Assets

If you have assets over $500,000, you may want to consider an umbrella policy.

You Have a Teenage Driver in the Home

When Do You Need Umbrella Insurance?
Photo by Matt Chesin on Unsplash

Teens are inexperienced and can be reckless, increasing your liability.

You Frequently Have Visitors to Your Home

More visitors mean more chances for injuries or accidents to occur.

You Have a Trampoline

Fun, but an accident waiting to happen, especially if you don’t have net fencing around it.

You Have a Rental Home

A rental home can be a great income source, but having one opens you up to lawsuits and expenses, especially if someone is injured or if the house sustains damage in a fire or other weather-related event.

You Have a Pool

Minimize your liability by having a fence around your pool, but still, someone might drown or fall and hurt themselves.

You Have a Dog

You may think your dog is gentle, but it only takes once for a dog to get aggressive and bite someone.

Caveats

There are two important pieces of information, should you be considering purchasing umbrella insurance.

First, your rates on your existing auto and home insurance policies will likely go up.  If you buy your umbrella policy from the same company that you purchase your auto and home insurance, they may first want you to increase your coverage for those policies.  The umbrella pays out only AFTER the auto or home insurance is exhausted, so they want those limits to be high enough, which raises your premiums.

Second, if you are sued in the future and have your auto, home, and umbrella insurance with the same company, the insurer may hire you an excellent lawyer because they want to avoid paying out the money, if they can.

Few people discuss this type of insurance, and most people don’t need it.  However, if you have liabilities in your life, such as a pool where someone may drown or slip on wet tile and hurt themselves, you may want the peace of mind that umbrella insurance offers.

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